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Political youth engagement in Norway

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The most disagreement occurred when we asked about the political reactions to the terror attack. Three out of five believe we have not confronted right-wing extremism enough, whilst just over one in five disagree. As many as a third of respondents believe that the Labour Party has politically exploited July 22.

Anders Ravik Jupskås og Øyvind Bugge Solheim / Center for Research on Extremism (C-REX)
How do Norwegians interpret July 22 today?, Center for Research on Extremism (C-REX), 2021
Around 20 people at the front of the picture. Holding up posters with text: "Silence is Violence", "We Can't breathe", "No justice, No peace", "I'm not black". Colorful posters without legible text in the background
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How can racism threaten democracies?

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Hi, I am 13 years old and as a Norwegian Muslim I feel like it is my fault. He says he killed everyone because I am here. Should I emigrate to protect Norwegian children in the future? That is how I feel. - Sophia.

Message submitted to online meeting with crisis psychologists at NRK.no.
25 July 2011
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Went through my facebook, and thus has fewer friends. Hatred and prejudice have no place now. Head cold, heart warm. #utøya #oslo

@vilderodin
Twitter / 23 July 2011
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Anti-feminism

Two men in suits. Two large Norwegian flags behind. Text NRK, news. Large text At least 80 died on Utøya, smaller print Stoltenberg: Our openness is under attack. The clock shows 08:22.
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Open press conference, Prime Minister Jens Stoltenberg, 23 July 2011

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The legal protection of the freedom of speech has first and foremost been a way to secure that states, formally and in reality, does not limit or intervene in individuals' freedom of speech.

Anine Kierulf, NIM
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Today, we are all members of the AUF.

Siv Jensen / party leader Progress party
Twitter / 23 July 2011
One in a suit on a pedestal, two men in suits sitting on the floor. Ornate wall in blue behind. Flowers and red carpet on the floor.
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Memorial at the mosque in Åkebergveien, Foreign Minister Jonas Gahr Støre, 26 July 2011

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After 22 July, my engagement has almost become a fundamental part of my identity. What we are fighting for, for democracy and our free society, are some of the most important things in my life. [...] I almost feel obliged on behalf of those who are no longer here to carry on that fight.

Ola B. Pedersen, survivor from Utøya, witness testimony, 22 July Centre, 2017
Witness testimony, 22 July Centre, 2017
Image of a dense crowd holding up a rose.
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Prime Minister Jens Stoltenberg’s speech at Rådshusplassen in Oslo, 25 July 2011

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Many people find it very difficult to talk about violence and harassment towards immigrants in the wake of the bombing. The majority want to preserve the memories of a cohesive community and say that they do not want to bring the negative debate back to life.

The Norwegian Centre against Racism
2012
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"We must never give up our values. We must show that our open society can pass this test too. That the answer to violence is even more democracy. Even more humanity. But never naivety."

Jens Stoltenberg, Prime Minister of Norway
Press Conference, 22 July 2011 22:41.
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Hate speech in the classroom

Several men is standing with green and white flags. They are standing on a road. There are buildings in the background.
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Right-wing extremism

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"As a nation we will keep this time in our hearts, in our experience - and remember that we have been given a new awareness of what really matters to us".

H.M. King Harald V
National commemoration, Oslo Spektrum, 21 August 2011.
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If we are to keep our promise that this will not happen again, someone has to be there and keep saying ‘This was not an incident, this was a terror attack – not only was it an attack on democracy, but also an attack on our social democratic values.

Eirin Kristin Kjær / survivor from Utøya
Witness testimony film 22 July Centre / 2018
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Youth engagement

A man in a suit sits behind a desk equipped with stationery, a flower arrangement and a statue of an eagle. In the background shelf with magazines and books.
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His Majesty King Harald speech, 23 July 2011

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No one can take from us the Norway that we want. Tonight the streets are filled with love.

Crown Prince Haakon
Speech at Rådhusplassen / 25 July 2011
Screenshot from a digital document with the logo of the Triple Knight Order and a St. George's Cross. Headline "2083 - A European Declaration of Independence". Subtitle "De Laude Novae Militae", "by Andrew Berwick, London UK, 2011".
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Conspiracy theories - a brief introduction

Blue background. White badge with wreath and world map.
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Human rights

Street art with a picture of a person tagging the text "Free speech" on a pink background. It says: "Conditions apply".
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Freedom of speech

Drawning: A person with a black hoodie is holding a large PC screen. On the screen and around the person it says: This is true. Illustration
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Right-wing extremism and the internet

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We are the best contingency in society. You, me, us. All of us who make up our community. The discussions we have. The words we use. When we stand up together against injustice and against the words that create fear and violence. When we learn our own history. That is how we build the society we want.

Astrid Willa Eide Hoem / Utøya survivor and leader of AUF
Aftenposten / 10 July 2021
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Of course, the tragedy changes Norway, but it is our choice how Norway is going to change #osloexpl #utoya

@renhag
Twitter / 24 July 2011
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We also need to understand it from a political context. If we are unable to understand the political context, we cannot fully understand why it happened, how it happened and the consequences it should or will have. A lack of political debate could also lead to a lack of political priorities. Such as help for survivors.

Tonje Brenna / Minister of education and survivor from Utøya
Uniforum, 7 June 2021
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The question of sanity

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The word revenge has very seldom come out. So retribution in this trial is not so much about revenge, but more about putting back what is right and wrong and focusing on how can we prevent something like this from happening again in the future.

Laila Bokhari / researcher ICCT
2013
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September 11th changed the world. It changed my life. It changed American society. It changed our way of flying, geopolitics. July 22nd, it didn’t even change Norway. Yes, we have this wound and we have to recover and it will never be as it used to be. But what has changed?

Åsne Seierstad / author
Ten years on, Norway still deals with wounds from Breivik massacre, The Irish Times, 19 July, 2021
Police car covered in flowers and flags. A policeman in uniform stands by the car. Photo
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Level of trust in Norway after 22 July

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The freedom of speech is not absolute. There are several statutory limitations in the freedom of speech, like the prohibition against making threats, defamation, invasion of privacy, harassment and severe pornographic, discriminating and hateful statements.

Anine Kierulf, NIM
 Two young people at the front of the picture. A person dressed in a red sweater with short pink hair, and a person dressed in black, sit and look ahead. Blurred image with an unknown number of people and a bookshelf in the back of the image.
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It’s about people

A man in a suit on a lectern rather than ornate benches seated people. Behind are people in white coats. In the background are paintings and a window with stained glass. A gold chandelier hangs from the ceiling.
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Oslo Cathedral, Prime minister Jens Stoltenberg speech, 24 July 2011

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I chose to become a teacher, teaching older children. To contribute to ensuring that this would never happen again. I did it for Anders, Gunnar, Simon, Johannes and all the others who did not get a chance to grow up. [...] The new curricula make it crystal clear that pupils must be equipped to learn and understand, but it is incredibly difficult to manage the legacy in a positive manner when the politicians fail to lead the way.

Iril Myrvang Gjørv / Lector and survivor from Utøya
VG, 10 February 2021
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Instead of taking proper action to weed out islamophobia and racism after 22 July, a lot of the public discourse has been about freedom of speech: That it is too easy to offend Muslims. We are no longer considered just a security problem but also a challenge to free speech.

Hawa Muuse / author
“The Islamophobia that was normalised” i Never silent, never forget / 2021